Block-Chain-Based Vaccine Volunteer Records Secure Storage and Service Structure

Accurate and complete vaccine volunteer’s data are one valuable asset for clinical research institutions. Privacy protection and the safe storage of vaccine volunteer’s data are vital concerns during clinical trial services. The advent of block-chain technology fetches an innovative idea to solve this problem. As a hash chain with the features of decentralization, authentication, and resistibility, blockchain-based technology can be used to safely store vaccine volunteer clinical trial data. In this paper, we proposed a safe storage method to control volunteer personal /clinical trial data based on blockchain with storing on cloud. Also, a service structure for sharing data of volunteer’s vaccine clinical trials is defined. Further, volunteer blockchain features are defined and examined. The projected storage and distribution method is independent of any third person and no single person has the complete influence to disturb the processing.

A High Secured Steganalysis using QVDHC Model

Data compression plays a vital role in data security as it saves memory, transfer speed is high, easy to handle and secure. Mainly the compression techniques are categorized into two types. They are lossless, lossy data compression. The data format will be an audio, image, text or video. The main objective is to save memory of using these techniques is to save memory and to preserve data confidentiality, integrity. In this paper, a hybrid approach was proposed which combines Quotient Value Difference (QVD) with Huffman coding. These two methods are more efficient, simple to implement and provides better security to the data. The secret message is encoded using Huffman coding, while the cover image is compressed using QVD. Then the encoded data is embedded into cover image and transferred over the network to receiver. At the receiver end, the data is decompressed to obtain original message. The proposed method shows high level performance when compared to other existing methods with better quality and minimum error

Breast cancer management pathways during the COVID-19 pandemic: outcomes from the UK ‘Alert Level 4’ phase of the B-MaP-C study

Abstract: Background: The B-MaP-C study aimed to determine alterations to breast cancer (BC) management during the peak transmission period of the UK COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of these treatment decisions. Methods: This was a national cohort study of patients with early BC undergoing multidisciplinary team (MDT)-guided treatment recommendations during the pandemic, designated ‘standard’ or ‘COVID-altered’, in the preoperative, operative and post-operative setting. Findings: Of 3776 patients (from 64 UK units) in the study, 2246 (59%) had ‘COVID-altered’ management. ‘Bridging’ endocrine therapy was used (n = 951) where theatre capacity was reduced. There was increasing access to COVID-19 low-risk theatres during the study period (59%). In line with national guidance, immediate breast reconstruction was avoided (n = 299). Where adjuvant chemotherapy was omitted (n = 81), the median benefit was only 3% (IQR 2–9%) using ‘NHS Predict’. There was the rapid adoption of new evidence-based hypofractionated radiotherapy (n = 781, from 46 units). Only 14 patients (1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during their treatment journey. Conclusions: The majority of ‘COVID-altered’ management decisions were largely in line with pre-COVID evidence-based guidelines, implying that breast cancer survival outcomes are unlikely to be negatively impacted by the pandemic. However, in this study, the potential impact of delays to BC presentation or diagnosis remains unknown

Aphakic Glaucoma after Paediatric Cataract Surgery

Background : To study the development of aphakic glaucoma and other complications after congenital cataract surgery. Methods:In this descriptive study 30 children, from 4 months to 2 years of age, with cataract were enrolled.Patients with ocular trauma, congenital glaucoma, anterior segment dysgenesis, posterior segment abnormalities and retinopathy of prematurity were not included in this study. Anterior and posterior segment examination, retinoscopy, keratometry and ultrasonosgraphy were done to assess retinal status. Pupils were dilated using cyclopentolate1% and phenylepherine10%, at 90, 60, 30 and 15 minutes preoperatively. Surgical procedures included anterior capsulotomy/anterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, irrigation and aspiration of lens matter, posterior capsulotomy or posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, anterior vitrectomy, 0.1c.c intravitreal dexamethasone injection. All cases remained on topical steroids and cycloplegic eye drops for six weeks. Patients were followed on first postoperative day and first postoperative week for detection of early postoperative complications. Then patients were followed after three months, six months and one year. In every visit patients were evaluated including funduscopy, cycloplegic retinoscopy and record of intraocular pressure. Results: A total 30 eyes of 30 patients were evaluated before surgical intervention. There were 22 male and 8 female patients . Age range was between 4 months to 2 years. Aphakic glaucoma was observed in 7% of patients. Posterior capsular opacification was seen in 64% (Table 1). There were no reported intraoperative complications. After cataract surgery, all eyes were treated with corticosteroids and antibiotic eyedrops for eight weeks. Postoperatively there were no case of corneal decomprensation or endophthalmitis. . The incidence was noticed in patients less than one year of age and cataract surgery was performed under four months of age. Conclusion: Aphakic glaucoma is higher in patients who were operated within twelve months of age for congenital cataract

A high secured Steganalysis using QVDHC model

Data compression plays a vital role in data security as it saves memory, transfer speed is high, easy to handle and secure. Mainly the compression techniques are categorized into two types. They are lossless, lossy data compression. The data format will be an audio, image, text or video. The main objective is to save memory of using these techniques is to save memory and to preserve data confidentiality, integrity. In this paper, a hybrid approach was proposed which combines Quotient Value Difference (QVD) with Huffman coding. These two methods are more efficient, simple to implement and provides better security to the data. The secret message is encoded using Huffman coding, while the cover image is compressed using QVD. Then the encoded data is embedded into cover image and transferred over the network to receiver. At the receiver end, the data is decompressed to obtain original message. The proposed method shows high level performance when compared to other existing methods with better quality and minimum erro